Posts Tagged ‘atom’

Quantum Leap: Chemistry

Friday, May 14th, 2010

Guest author, Thomas Kennedy, features a twice-monthly series, Quantum Leap, wherein he guides readers through the fascinating world of quantum mechanics. This is issue 013.
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*This issue is continued from Issue 012, “Uncertainty

Note: Just as no map can equal a territory, no concept of an atom can possibly equal its nature.   These models of the atom simply served as a way of thinking about them, albeit they contained limitations, as all models do.

http://www.nobeliefs.com/images/atoms18.gif

Although the mathematical concept of the atom got better, the visual concept of the atom got worse.  Regardless, even simplistic visual models can still prove useful.  Chemists usually describe the atom as a simple solar system model similar to Bohr’s model, but without the different orbit shapes.  The important emphasis for chemistry medium attempts to show the groupings of electrons in orbital shells.  (The example above shows the first eleven elements.)

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Quantum Leap: Orbits

Friday, April 2nd, 2010

Guest author, Thomas Kennedy, features a twice-monthly series, Quantum Leap, wherein he guides readers through the fascinating world of quantum mechanics. This is issue 011.
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(Continued from issue 010 – Charge!)

But there appeared something terribly wrong with Rutherford’s model of the atom.  The theory of electricity and magnetism predicted that opposite charges attract each other and the electrons should gradually lose energy and spiral inward.  Moreover, physicists reasoned that the atoms should give off a rainbow of colors as they do so.  But no experiment could verify this rainbow.

In 1912 a Danish physicist, Niels Bohr, came up with a theory that said the electrons do not spiral into the nucleus and came up with some rules for what does happen.  (This began a new approach to science because, for the first time, rules had to fit the observation regardless of how they conflicted with the theories of the time.)

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Quantum Leap: The Standard Model

Friday, February 19th, 2010

Guest author, Thomas Kennedy, features a twice-monthly series, Quantum Leap, wherein he guides readers through the fascinating world of quantum mechanics. This is issue 008.

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With all of the unverified hypotheses regarding black holes, dark matter, and dark energy permeating the general discussions regarding particle physics, I thought it might be good to step back and take a look at what is actually known and tested in the world of quantum mechanics.  To do this, we need to take a look at The Standard Model.

When we seek to understand what is fundamental to life around us, it is a question of what exactly is the essence of our physical world.  If you break matter and energy down to the smallest component what is it that we are dealing with?

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